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Cambridge AS & A Level Economics

7.5Types of cost, revenue and profit, short-run and long-run production

Types of cost, revenue and profit, short-run and long-run production in Cambridge AS & A Level Economics: what the syllabus expects you to know, the learning objectives and how to practise.
Subtopic109 practice questions5 lessons

Learning objectives

What the syllabus expects you to be able to do.

  1. 7.5.1Explain the short-run production function: fixed and variable factors, total, average and marginal product, and diminishing returns.
  2. 7.5.2Define and calculate fixed, variable, total, average and marginal costs and explain the shape of the short-run cost curves.
  3. 7.5.3Explain the long-run production function: no fixed factors, and returns to scale.
  4. 7.5.4Explain the shape of the long-run average cost curve and the minimum efficient scale.
  5. 7.5.5Explain the relationship between economies of scale and decreasing average costs.
  6. 7.5.6Explain internal and external economies of scale.
  7. 7.5.7Explain internal and external diseconomies of scale.
  8. 7.5.8Define and calculate total, average and marginal revenue.
  9. 7.5.9Define normal, subnormal and supernormal profit.
  10. 7.5.10Calculate supernormal and subnormal profit.

Lessons

  • Long-run costs and economies of scale

    45 min

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  • Normal and supernormal profit and the shutdown decision

    40 min

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  • Revenue and the profit-maximising output

    45 min

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  • Short-run costs: total, average and marginal

    45 min

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  • Short-run production and diminishing returns

    40 min

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Sample question

A sample question on this topic. Answer it, check it, then read the worked answer.

Types of cost, revenue and profit, short-run and long-run production: sample question

1 mark

At its third scale a fictional furniture workshop has a total cost of US$12,000 a month and produces 420 units. Calculate the long-run average cost per unit, to the nearest cent.

Complete: US$ …

Only if the answer has a unit, e.g. cm or km/h.

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