ZIMSEC O-Level History

Conceptualisation of History

• 1.1 Introduction to History, types and sources of History
• 1.2 Analysing sources of History

Origins of Humankind

Form 1: theories on the origins of humankind, Charles Darwin and human evolution, Africa the cradle of humankind. Not named in either paper's specification…

Ancient Civilisation in Africa: Egypt

Form 1: ancient civilisation in Egypt; Egyptian science, religion, writing and architecture; Egyptian agriculture; the spread of Egyptian civilisation. Not…

Development of Zimbabwean Societies

• 4.1 Early societies from the Stone Age to the Early Iron Age
• 4.2 Mapungubwe and the Great Zimbabwe state
• 4.3 The Mutapa state
• 4.4 The Rozvi state
• 4.5 The Mfecane and the Zulu state
• 4.6 The Ndebele state

Slavery and the Slave Trade

• 5.1 Forms of slavery and the slave trade in Africa
• 5.2 The triangular slave trade
• 5.3 Impact and abolition of slavery and the slave trade

Early European Contacts with Zimbabwe: Portuguese and Missionaries

• 6.1 The Portuguese in the Zambezi valley and the prazo system
• 6.2 Early missionary activities and European agents of colonisation

Colonisation

• 7.1 The Scramble and Partition of southern Africa and the Berlin Conference (1884-1885)
• 7.2 The colonisation of Zimbabwe
• 7.3 The Anglo-Ndebele War (1893-1894)
• 7.4 The First Chimurenga/Umvukela (1896-1897)

Colonial Administration in Rhodesia

• 8.1 Company rule
• 8.2 Responsible Government
• 8.3 The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
• 8.4 The Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI)

Nationalism

Form 2: Pan-Africanist movements and the rise of mass nationalism. Not named in either paper's specification grid (see notes); mass nationalism in Zimbabwe is…

The Armed Struggle

• 10.1 Mass nationalism and nationalist movements, 1957-1964
• 10.2 The turn to armed struggle, recruitment and training, and the early phase
• 10.3 The second phase of the armed struggle
• 10.4 Attempts at a peaceful settlement

Post-Independence Developments in Zimbabwe

• 11.1 Independence and the policy of reconciliation
• 11.2 Social, political and economic policies since independence
• 11.3 Land reform and indigenisation

World Wars and the Inter-War Period

Form 4. The topic list prints 'World Wars'; the scope and sequence 'World Wars and the Inter-war Period'.

• 12.1 The First World War (1914-1918)
• 12.2 The Paris Peace Conference
• 12.3 The League of Nations
• 12.4 The rise of European dictators
• 12.5 The Second World War (1939-1945)
• 12.6 The Cold War

Regional and International Co-operation

Form 2 (Frontline States, SADC, OAU/AU, the Commonwealth, the Non-Aligned Movement) and Form 4 ('International co-operation': the United Nations; Zimbabwe and…

• 13.1 The Frontline States
• 13.2 SADC
• 13.3 The OAU/AU
• 13.4 The Commonwealth and the Non-Aligned Movement
• 13.5 The United Nations
• 13.6 Zimbabwe and the international community (foreign policy) since independence

Socialism and Communism

• 14.1 The Russian Revolution
• 14.2 The Chinese Revolution
• 14.3 The Cuban Revolution

The Constitution of Zimbabwe, Democracy and Human Rights

• 15.1 The Constitution of Zimbabwe
• 15.2 Democracy
• 15.3 Human rights, children's rights and responsibilities